Linux OS Basics - Directory Structure, and explore notes on Ubuntu distribution

 Linux is free and open source, which means that anyone can take the codebase and modify it however they want. A Linux distribution is a specialized set of software that comes with the Linux kernel and is distributed with tools for installing a working version of Linux on users' computers. The widespread adoption of Linux around the world has created a huge demand for Linux experts and specialists.

Linux Directory Structure - Linux File System

The Linux file system is the structure that stores all the information on a computer. To work with Linux, it is very important to know where everything is and linux howto uses the file system from the shell.

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Explore online if you want to learn how to configure the nginx proxy on Ubuntu.To run a command as root, you must use the sudo command before each command. You can use ubuntu focal to try Ubuntu without making any changes to your computer and even install it permanently later.

Do you want to upgrade the production system in Ubuntu? Please note that libraries, languages, and system services may have changed significantly. Consider reading the ubuntujammy Jellyfish release notes before upgrading.

Linux Directory Structure - Linux File System

/root - The root directory is the basis of the file system. All files and directories are logically contained within the root directory, regardless of their physical location.

/bin - /bin has many linux commands, such as cat, cp, ls, more, and tar, that are part of the Linux operating system.

/boot - Contains the Linux kernel and other files required by the LILO and GRUB boot managers.

/dev - Contains all device files. Linux treats each device as a separate file. All these files are in /dev.

/etc. - Most system configuration files and configuration scripts are contained in the /etc/rc.d subdirectory.

/home - home directory is the home directory of the user's home directory.

/lib - Contains library files that contain bootable driver modules required to boot the system.

/media - Instructions for mounting file systems on removable media such as DVD-ROMs, flash drives, and linux zip drives.

/tmp is a temporary directory that can be used as a working directory (temporary file storage). The contents of this folder are deleted each time the system starts.

/usr - Contains subdirectories for many programs, such as X and the GUI windowing system.

/usr/include - contains header files for the C programming language

/usr/lib - contains libraries for the C programming language.

/usr/share - Contains shared files such as configuration files, images, and virtual documents.

/usr/src - Contains the Linux kernel source code.

/var - contains various system files such as the log, mail directories, print spool, etc., the number and size of which may change over time.

/var/cache - cached data storage area for applications.

/var/lib - contains information about the current state of applications. Programs change this on startup.

Ubuntu does not have a password for the root account by default. This means that even if the account exists, you cannot log in with it or use the su command to become the superuser. In this way, ubuntu provides additional security.